• Diplomacy

    The end of monopoly of state diplomacy

    In 1994, Susan Strange wrote the article “Wake up, Krasner! The world has changed!” (Strange, 1994), in order to highlight that paradigm of our contemporary international system has transformed since “structural change” occurred in the areas of production, finance, knowledge and communication. Indeed, Susan Strange contests the neorealist view that foreign policy is based on conventional diplomatic and military issues driven only by states, but also she calls them to take into account the role of market and corporations in foreign policy. Definition and research question By “diplomacy” we mean the foreign representation of interest of one country or a political community, so this role is not anymore exclusively…

  • Public Policies

    How can we save the planet ?

    “Brazil seeks $1bn cash upfront for preservation of Amazon” (Financial Times, 2021). Of course, one could argue that this request is a kind of black mailing (to some extent it is) but it is also a strategy that is coherent with these two concepts : ‘environmental financialization’ and ‘degrowth’. The former notion is a process that foster the creation of environmentally based commodities and tradable financial assets for protecting ecosystems (Kemp-Benedict and Sivan, 2019). Whereas the later notion is a “planned, coherent policy to reduce ecological impact, reduce inequality, and improve well-being” (Hickel, 2020), through policy measures that reduce the pace of production (or throughput)…

  • Public Policies

    What could be done against inequalities ?

    Since 1980 we have seen an “Inequality Turn” (Atkinson, 2015), and that the 21st century brings challenges on reducing economic disparities, which threatening the sustainability of international economic system. It is true that inequalities increased since the pandemic and even more in this inflationist context. But, what “economic inequality” means? According to Anthony Atkinson, it is the gap between “household disposable income”, which there are many dimensions such as individual income, investments, private and State transfers (Atkinson, 2015). Whereas for the economist Thomas Piketty, it is the gap between the rate of return on capital and the economy’s growth that contribute…

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